What is cotton picking machinery? Why is it an alternative to cotton pickers?

Release time：2023-05-27    Click：194

First, let's take a look at how many types of cotton pickers there are.

Compared with the history of more than 80 years in the world, China's machine cotton picking history is relatively short, and it has only gradually developed in the past 20 years, and China's machine cotton picking operations are mainly concentrated in Xinjiang. In the history of cotton mechanized harvesting, there have been many types of cotton picking machinery, according to the different harvesting methods, cotton harvesting machinery is generally divided into two categories: cotton bolls and cotton pickers; Among them, the cotton picker is divided into two types, one is a cotton sorting machine that selectively picks cotton according to the maturity of cotton, and the other is a cotton harvester that picks all the cotton together with leaves and peaches, and then clears the flowers and completes the operation at one time; The representative products in the cotton harvester are the scraper brush cotton harvester produced by John Deere Company in the United States, and the comb produced in Argentina is not the right cotton harvester, because the net harvesting rate of the cotton harvester is difficult to guarantee, so the total use area and use are less.

Now the market is mainly used cotton separator, according to the cotton picking principle and the structure of the picking head is different cotton sorting machine is also divided into two types: one is the United States John Deere, Case Company led by the production of self-propelled horizontal ingot cotton picker, most of the world's major cotton-producing countries are using this kind of cotton picker, most of the best-selling cotton pickers in the domestic market are horizontal ingot cotton pickers; The other is the self-propelled vertical ingot cotton picking machine represented by the Tashkent Cotton Machinery Bureau of Uzbekistan, which is mainly used in some cotton picking areas of the former Soviet Union. The main disadvantages of vertical ingot picking cotton picker and horizontal ingot picking cotton picker are: relatively low operating efficiency, relatively high impurity rate, relevant tests show that the net picking rate of horizontal ingot cotton picker is 96%, and the impurity rate is about 10%, far higher than the vertical ingot picker, Xinjiang cotton area has purchased this vertical ingot picking cotton picker in the early days, but due to these shortcomings, it has basically ceased to be used.

Let's look at the structure of the horizontal ingot picking cotton picker, which mainly includes the picking head, chassis, engine, electrical system, hydraulic system, cab and control system, pneumatic cotton conveying system, cotton box, electronic monitoring system, wetting system, automatic lubrication system, peripheral dust prevention system of the implement, etc. According to the cotton spit rate, the horizontal ingot picking cotton picker can harvest spit cotton at one time or harvest spit cotton in stages, modern cotton picker to horizontal ingot self-propelled large machine as the development direction, the harvesting process is also based on one harvest.

Finally, let's look at the working principle of the horizontal ingot picker when picking cotton.

When picking cotton, the separator is used as a guide, and the cotton plant is lifted up and introduced into the picking room, and the width of the cotton plant is squeezed to about 60 cm-90 cm as the cotton picker moves forward, and in the cotton picking finger, the rotating horizontal picking ingots regularly extend out of the grid plate, and insert the squeezed cotton plant vertically in a horizontal shape, and meet the cracked spit cotton boll, at this time the hook teeth on the spindle hang the seed cotton, pull the spit cotton flap out of the cracked boll, and wrap it on the horizontal ingot. At the same time, the spindle picking rotates with the drum from the picking room through the grid plate exit into the cotton removal area, high-speed rotating cotton removal disc, and cotton picking ingots in the opposite direction of running, when encountering the seed cotton on the ingot, the seed cotton on the spindle is rotated in the opposite direction to take off. The removed seed cotton is blown into the cotton box at high speed by the powerful wind air flow of the wind cotton conveying system, from the cotton collection room through the cotton pipeline. Then, the cotton plant exits the picking room through the grid, and the ingots rotate with the picking head to the lower part of the rinsing brush plate, and are rinsed by the water pressure system to rinse off the plant sap and dirt to achieve the effect of cooling and cleaning, so as to facilitate the next cotton picking and cotton removal, and then pick the ingots and re-enter the cotton picking room to pick cotton.